The CP4 transgene provides high levels of tolerance to Roundup® herbicide in field-grown hybrid poplars
نویسندگان
چکیده
We tested two genes together in hybrid poplars (genus Populus), CP4 and GOX, for imparting tolerance to glyphosate (the active ingredient in Roundup® herbicide). Using Agrobacterium-based transformation, 80 independent transgenic lines (i.e., products of asexual gene transfer) were produced in a variety of hybrid poplar clones (40 lines in Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray × Populus deltoides Bartr., 35 lines in Populus tremula L. × Populus alba L., and five lines in P. tremula × Populus tremuloides Michx.). We evaluated glyphosate tolerance over 2 years in field studies conducted in eastern and western Oregon. Ten percent of our transgenic lines showed no foliar damage or reduced growth after being sprayed with Roundup® at concentrations above normal commercial rates. Lack of damage was associated with expression of the CP4 gene but not of the GOX gene. It was suspected that GOX caused undesirable side effects, so we produced 12 lines into which only the CP4 gene was inserted. The performance of these newly regenerated lines was compared with an identical number of lines, produced in the same genotype, that had previously been engineered to contain both CP4 and GOX. Growth of the lines transformed with just CP4 was significantly better than those containing both genes and exhibited less damage in response to glyphosate treatment. This is the first report of transgenic poplars exhibiting high levels of glyphosate tolerance when grown under field conditions. With a modest transformation effort, it is possible to produce lines with commercially useful levels of glyphosate tolerance and little apparent collateral genetic damage. 976 Résumé : Les auteurs ont étudié l’effet combiné de deux gènes chez des peupliers hybrides (genre Populus), CP4 et GOX, qui confèrent la tolérance au glyphosate (l’ingrédient actif de l’herbicide Roundup©). À l’aide de la transformation par Agrobacterium, 80 lignées transgéniques indépendantes (i.e., les produits du transfert génétique asexué) ont été produites à partir d’une variété de clones de peupliers hybrides (40 lignées de Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray × Populus deltoides, 35 lignées de Populus tremula L. × Populus alba L. et cinq lignées de P. tremula × Populus tremuloides Michx). La tolérance au glyphosate a été évaluée pendant 2 ans dans des dispositifs au champ établis dans l’est et l’ouest de l’Oregon. Dix pour cent des lignées transgéniques n’ont pas subi de dommages foliaires ou de réduction de croissance après avoir été arrosées avec du Roundup© à des concentrations supérieures à celles normalement utilisées commercialement. L’absence de dommages était associée à l’expression du gène CP4 mais pas à celle du gène GOX. Soupçonnant que le gène GOX pouvait causer des effets secondaires indésirables, les auteurs ont produit 12 lignées comportant uniquement le gène CP4. La performance de ces nouvelles lignées régénérées a été comparée à celle d’un nombre identique de lignées produites à partir du même génotype mais comportant les deux gènes CP4 et GOX. La croissance des lignées comportant uniquement le gène CP4 était significativement supérieure à celle des lignées comportant les deux gènes, en plus de subir moins de dommages en réponse au traitement au glyphosate. Cette étude Can. J. For. Res. 32: 967–976 (2002) DOI: 10.1139/X02-015 © 2002 NRC Canada 967 Received 20 August 2001. Accepted 4 January 2002. Published on the NRC Research Press Web site at http://cjfr.nrc.ca on 17 May 2002. R. Meilan,1 K.-H. Han,2 C. Ma, S.P. DiFazio, R.R. James,3 J.S. Skinner, and S.H. Strauss. Forest Science Department, 321 Richardson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5752, U.S.A. J.A. Eaton. Potlatch Corporation, P.O. Box 38, Boardman, OR 97818, U.S.A. E.A. Hoien. GreenWood Resources, 79114 Collins Road, Clatskanie, OR 97016, U.S.A. B.J. Stanton. GreenWood Resources, 349 NW 7th Avenue, Camas, WA 98607, U.S.A. R.P. Crockett. Monsanto Company, 17004 NE 37th Circle, Vancouver, WA 98682, U.S.A. M.L. Taylor. Monsanto Company, Chesterfield Parkway North, St Louis, MO 63198, U.S.A. L. Jouanin. Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, Centre de Versailles, F-78076 Versailles CEDEX, France. G. Pilate. Station d’amélioration des arbres forestiers, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, F-45160 Ardon, France. 1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]). 2Present address: Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A. 3Present address: USDA Agriculture Research Service, Bee Biology & Systematics Laboratory, 5310 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84321-5310, U.S.A. I:\cjfr\cjfr32\cjfr-06\X02-015.vp Tuesday, May 14, 2002 9:13:54 AM Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen
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